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The role of ions in new particle formation in the CLOUD chamber

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Date
2017
Author
Wagner Robert
Yan Chao
Lehtipalo Katrianne
Duplissy Jonathan
Nieminen Tuomo
Kangasluoma Juha
Ahonen Lauri R
Dada Lubna
Kontkanen Jenni
Manninen Hanna E
Dias Antonio
Amorim Antonio
Bauer Paulus S
Bergen Anton
Bernhammer Anne-Kathrin
Bianchi Federico
Breitenlechner Martin
Brilke Sophia
Buchholz Angela
Buenrostro Mazon Stephany et al.
Unique identifier
10.5194/acp-17-15181-2017
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Citation
Wagner Robert. Yan Chao. Lehtipalo Katrianne. Duplissy Jonathan. Nieminen Tuomo. Kangasluoma Juha. Ahonen Lauri R. Dada Lubna. Kontkanen Jenni. Manninen Hanna E. Dias Antonio. Amorim Antonio. Bauer Paulus S. Bergen Anton. Bernhammer Anne-Kathrin. Bianchi Federico. Breitenlechner Martin. Brilke Sophia. Buchholz Angela. Buenrostro Mazon Stephany et al.. (2017). The role of ions in new particle formation in the CLOUD chamber.  ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, 17 (24) , 15181-15197. 10.5194/acp-17-15181-2017.
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Abstract

The formation of secondary particles in the atmosphere accounts for more than half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Experiments at the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber have underlined the importance of ions for new particle formation, but quantifying their effect in the atmosphere remains challenging. By using a novel instrument setup consisting of two nanoparticle counters, one of them equipped with an ion filter, we were able to further investigate the ion-related mechanisms of new particle formation. In autumn 2015, we carried out experiments at CLOUD on four systems of different chemical compositions involving monoterpenes, sulfuric acid, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia. We measured the influence of ions on the nucleation rates under precisely controlled and atmospherically relevant conditions. Our results indicate that ions enhance the nucleation process when the charge is necessary to stabilize newly formed clusters, i.e., in conditions in which neutral clusters are unstable. For charged clusters that were formed by ion-induced nucleation, we were able to measure, for the first time, their progressive neutralization due to recombination with oppositely charged ions. A large fraction of the clusters carried a charge at 1.5 nm diameter. However, depending on particle growth rates and ion concentrations, charged clusters were largely neutralized by ion–ion recombination before they grew to 2.5 nm. At this size, more than 90 % of particles were neutral. In other words, particles may originate from ion-induced nucleation, although they are neutral upon detection at diameters larger than 2.5 nm. Observations at Hyytiälä, Finland, showed lower ion concentrations and a lower contribution of ion-induced nucleation than measured at CLOUD under similar conditions. Although this can be partly explained by the observation that ion-induced fractions decrease towards lower ion concentrations, further investigations are needed to resolve the origin of the discrepancy.

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https://erepo.uef.fi/handle/123456789/5993
Link to the original item
http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-15181-2017
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Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union
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