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Quantitative susceptibility mapping of articular cartilage: Ex vivo findings at multiple orientations and following different degradation treatments

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published version
Date
2018
Author(s)
Nykänen, O
Rieppo, L
Töyräs, J
Kolehmainen, V
Saarakkala, S
Shmueli, K
Nissi, MJ
Unique identifier
10.1002/mrm.27216
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Citation
Nykänen, O. Rieppo, L. Töyräs, J. Kolehmainen, V. Saarakkala, S. Shmueli, K. Nissi, MJ. (2018). Quantitative susceptibility mapping of articular cartilage: Ex vivo findings at multiple orientations and following different degradation treatments.  MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE, First published: 24 April 2018, 10.1002/mrm.27216.
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CC BY-NC http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Abstract

Purpose
We investigated the feasibility of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for assessing degradation of articular cartilage by measuring ex vivo bovine cartilage samples subjected to different degradative treatments. Specimens were scanned at several orientations to study if degradation affects the susceptibility anisotropy. T2*‐mapping, histological stainings, and polarized light microscopy were used as reference methods. Additionally, simulations of susceptibility in layered geometry were performed.

Methods
Samples (n = 9) were harvested from the patellae of skeletally mature bovines. Three specimens served as controls, and the rest were artificially degraded. MRI was performed at 9.4T using a 3D gradient echo sequence. QSM and T2* images and depth profiles through the centers of the samples were compared with each other and the histological findings. A planar isotropic model with depth‐wise susceptibility variation was used in the simulations.

Results
A strong diamagnetic contrast was seen in the deep and calcified layers of cartilage, while T2* maps reflected the typical trilaminar structure of the collagen network. Anisotropy of susceptibility in cartilage was observed and was found to differ from the T2* anisotropy. Slight changes were observed in QSM and T2* following the degradative treatments. In simulations, anisotropy was observed.

Conclusions
The results suggest that QSM is not sensitive to cartilage proteoglycan content, but shows sensitivity to the amount of calcification and to the integrity of the collagen network, providing potential for assessing osteoarthritis. The simulations suggested that the anisotropy of susceptibility might be partially explained by the layered geometry of susceptibility in cartilage.

URI
https://erepo.uef.fi/handle/123456789/6568
Link to the original item
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.27216
Publisher
Wiley
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  • Luonnontieteiden ja metsätieteiden tiedekunta [1109]
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