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Offspring Phenotype Is Shaped by the Non-Sperm Fraction of Semen

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Date
2020
Author(s)
Kekäläinen, Jukka
Jokiniemi, Annalaura
Janhunen, Matti
Huuskonen, Hannu
Unique identifier
10.1111/jeb.13592
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Citation
Kekäläinen, Jukka. Jokiniemi, Annalaura. Janhunen, Matti. Huuskonen, Hannu. (2020). Offspring Phenotype Is Shaped by the Non-Sperm Fraction of Semen.  Journal of evolutionary biology, 33 (5) , 584–594. 10.1111/jeb.13592.
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© 2020 European Society For Evolutionary Biology
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Abstract

In a large majority of animal species, the only contribution of males to the next generation has been assumed to be their genes (sperm). However, along with sperm, seminal plasma contains a wide array of extracellular factors that have many important functions in reproduction. Yet, the potential intergenerational effects of these factors are virtually unknown. We investigated these effects in European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus ) by experimentally manipulating the presence and identity of seminal plasma and by fertilizing the eggs of multiple females with the manipulated and unmanipulated semen of several males in a full‐factorial breeding design. The presence of both own seminal plasma and foreign seminal plasma inhibited sperm motility, and the removal of own seminal plasma decreased embryo survival. Embryos hatched significantly earlier after both semen manipulations than in control fertilizations; foreign seminal plasma also increased offspring aerobic swimming performance. Given that our experimental design allowed us to control potentially confounding sperm‐mediated (sire) effects and maternal effects, our results indicate that seminal plasma may have direct intergenerational consequences for offspring phenotype and performance. This novel source of offspring phenotypic variance may provide new insights into the evolution of polyandry and mechanisms that maintain heritable variation in fitness and associated female mating preferences.

Subjects
coregonus lavaretus   lek paradox   nongenetic inheritance   offspring fitness   paternal effect   semen   sperm   transgenerational plasticity   
URI
https://erepo.uef.fi/handle/123456789/8197
Link to the original item
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13592
Publisher
Wiley
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  • Luonnontieteiden ja metsätieteiden tiedekunta [1109]
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