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General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-6), and Mental Health Index (MHI-5): psychometric and predictive properties in a Finnish population-based sample

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Item embargoed until 2021-05-07. Restrictions imposed by the publisher
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final draft
Date
2020
Author(s)
Elovanio, Marko
Hakulinen, Christian
Pulkki-Råback, Laura
Aalto, Anna-Mari
Virtanen, Marianna
Partonen, Timo
Suvisaari, Jaana
Unique identifier
10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112973
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Self-archived article

Citation
Elovanio, Marko. Hakulinen, Christian. Pulkki-Råback, Laura. Aalto, Anna-Mari. Virtanen, Marianna. Partonen, Timo. Suvisaari, Jaana. (2020). General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-6), and Mental Health Index (MHI-5): psychometric and predictive properties in a Finnish population-based sample.  Psychiatry research, 289, 112973. 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112973.
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© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
Licensed under
CC BY-NC-ND https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Abstract

The short versions of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-6), and Mental Health Index (MHI-5) are all valid and reliable measures of general psychological distress, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. We tested the psychometric properties of the scales, their overlap, and their ability to predict mental health service use using both regression and machine learning (ML, random forest) approaches. Data were from the population-based FinHealth-2017 Study of adults (N = 4270) with data on all of the evaluated instruments. Constructive validity, internal consistency, invariance, and optimal cut-off points in predicting mental health services were tested. Constructive validity was acceptable and all instruments measured their own distinct phenomenon. Some of the item scoring in BDI-6 was not optimal, and the sensitivity and specificity of all scales were relatively weak in predicting service use. Small gender differences emerged in optimal cut-off points. ML did not improve model predictions.

GHQ-12, BDI-6, and MHI-5 may be interpreted to measure different constructs of psychological health symptoms, but are not particularly useful predictors of service use.

Subjects
distress   depression   population   psychometrics   measuring   
URI
https://erepo.uef.fi/handle/123456789/8213
Link to the original item
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112973
Publisher
Elsevier BV
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  • Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja kauppatieteiden tiedekunta [379]
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